Chen Zhu, School of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei,230036, China, Address correspondence to this author at No.130,Changjiang West Road,Hefei, China.

Yue Jingjing, School of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei,230036, China, Address correspondence to this author at No.130,Changjiang West Road,Hefei, China.

Hu Hongxiang, School of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei,230036, China, Address correspondence to this author at No.130,Changjiang West Road,Hefei, China.

Yan Ya’nan, School of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei,230036, China, Address correspondence to this author at No.130,Changjiang West Road,Hefei, China.

Di Yunfei, School of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei,230036, China, Address correspondence to this author at No.130,Changjiang West Road,Hefei, China.

Abstract
It’s adopted the method of field experiments studied the effects of straw incorporation and reduction of chemical fertilizer on soil nutrients and crop yield, through the treatments of no fertilizer + straw (NS), optimized fertilization with straw to field the full amount (SF), optimization by providing optimization of biological humic acid fertilizer + basal was applied without straw (NSC), optimization of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer by 20% + total amount of straw to field (S0.8F), optimization of fertilizer nitrogen and phosphorus by 40% + total amount of straw to field (S0.6F) process. The results showed that, rape - rice rotation crop yield under both conditions showed NSC > SF > NS > S0.8F > S0.6F, wherein the NSC has the significant differences compared with NS, S0.8F and S0.6F (P < 0.05) and has no significant differences compared with SF (P > 0.05). Rapeseed - rice rotation field soil organic matter content are expressed as: SF > S0.8F > S0.6F > NSC > NS, and straw treatments significantly improve the soil organic matter (P <0.05). Changing trend of total nitrogen content in rice season is: NSC > S0.8F > SF > NS > S0.6F, and soil nitrogen content trends: NSC > SF > S0.8F > S0.6F > NS. Rapeseed season paddy soil total nitrogen content trends: NSC > SF > S0.8F > NS > S0.6F, and soil nitrogen content trends: NSC > S0.8F > SF > S0.6F > NS. Among them, the difference between treatments was significant (P < 0.05). Rapeseed season and trends of soil potassium content in rice season performance: NSC > SF > S0.8F > NS > S0.6F, also, the SF, soil potassium content NSC, S0.8F processing, such as processing and NS showed significant difference (P < 0.05). Crop yield trends were showed as: NSC > SF > NS > S0.8F > S0.6F. It concluded that the implementation of straw would help to improve the carbon and nitrogen content of the soil and to increase the crop yields. To a certain extent, taking the reduction of chemical fertilizers would reduced the soil nutrient content and crop yield. But The implementation of straw can replace a certain amount of fertilizer. This study could provide the technical basis for the green agriculture and increase agricultural environmental action.

Keywords
Returning straw into field; Less fertilizer; Chaohu; Soil Nutrients; Crop Yields

Cite this paper
Chen Zhu, Yue Jingjing, Hu Hongxiang, Yan Ya’nan, Di Yunfei, Effects of straw incorporation and reduction of chemical fertilizer on soil nutrients and crop yield in farmland , SCIREA Journal of Agriculture. Volume 1, Issue 1, October 2016 | PP. 124-134.

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