EXPRESSION OF SULPHADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE (SP) RESISTANCE MARKERS IN Plasmodium falciparum AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN OYO STATE: A POTENTIAL THREAT TO MALARIA PREVENTION IN PREGNANCY
DOI: 10.54647/cm321077 42 Downloads 37981 Views
Author(s)
Abstract
Background: The interrelationship between pregnancy, Plasmodium falciparum infection and antimalarial drug resistance serve as recipe for adverse outcomes that impact on the mother and the foetus, hence the adoption of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTP) using sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP). Antifolate drugs have been in wide use in Nigeria and other African countries where high level resistance (through dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) gene mutations) to the drugs has been observed. This study was conducted to determine the expression of genetic markers of resistance to SP in Plasmodium falciparum infection among pregnant women in Oyo State.
Materials and Methods: Eighty-two (82) dry blood spots of malaria positive samples on Whatman no 1 filter paper were used for parasite DNA extraction and subsequent detection of SP-resistance genetic markers using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with specific restriction enzymes for Pfdhfr and Pfdhps mutant genes.
Results: The expression of Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase (Pfdhfr) mutant gene was 92.68% at codon 51 and 59 respectively. Similarly, Pfdhps mutant gene was expressed in 95.12% of P. falciparum studied at codons 437G and 540E of the parasite studied.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of these 2 major markers of SP-resistance in this study, portends a serious threat to the continued usage of SP in the intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTP) especially in the study area. It is therefore imperative to intensify efforts at finding more effective alternatives while also ensuring testing before drug use and avoiding self-medication.
Keywords
sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, resistance markers, Pfdhfr, Pfdhps, Plasmodium falciparum
Cite this paper
Mufutau Mosunmade AZEEZ, Frederick Olusegun AKINBO,
EXPRESSION OF SULPHADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE (SP) RESISTANCE MARKERS IN Plasmodium falciparum AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN OYO STATE: A POTENTIAL THREAT TO MALARIA PREVENTION IN PREGNANCY
, SCIREA Journal of Clinical Medicine.
Volume 9, Issue 2, April 2024 | PP. 34-49.
10.54647/cm321077
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